Informational only. This guide explains what market indicators measure and how they have behaved in the past. It is not investment, trading, or financial advice, and it does not recommend buying, selling, or holding anything. Indicators describe data; they do not predict prices. The author is not responsible for any decision made using this information.
Every morning the Bitcoin Daily Brief reports a page of numbers: RSI 82, ADX 31, funding +0.009%, Fear & Greed 73. This is the page that explains them. It covers what each indicator measures, how it is calculated in plain terms, what its zones have historically meant, and, most importantly, what the indicators say when read together. Bitcoin trades 24 hours a day, every day, on hundreds of venues, with futures markets larger than the spot market and a public ledger anyone can inspect, so it has more kinds of information than a stock. Grouping that information into eight categories keeps it manageable.
One principle runs through the whole guide: an indicator is a description, not a verdict. “Overbought” means prices rose unusually fast; it does not mean they must fall. “Death cross” means a slow average fell below a slower one; it is a statement about the past 200 days, not the next 200. Where this guide says a reading “has historically meant” something, it means that outcome occurred more often than not in past data, with plenty of exceptions.
Before the indicators: reading a daily candle
A daily candle summarizes one day of trading: where the price opened, the highest and lowest prices reached, and where it closed. Because Bitcoin never closes, the “day” is a convention; most data providers and this blog use 00:00 UTC (8 p.m. New York time in summer, 7 p.m. in winter). Two consequences matter. First, the same indicator computed on a different cutoff or a different exchange will give slightly different numbers, so a daily RSI of 82 on one site may be 80 on another. Second, most indicators use only the close, so an intraday spike that reverses before the close leaves no trace in them except through the high and low used by ATR.
1. Price and trend
Moving averages: 20-day, 50-day, 200-day
What it is. A simple moving average (SMA) is the average closing price of the last N days; an exponential moving average (EMA) is the same idea with more weight on recent days, so it turns faster. Because Bitcoin trades every day, the 20-day covers about three weeks, the 50-day about seven weeks, and the 200-day about six and a half months (the periods were inherited from stock markets, where 200 trading days is roughly a year). They smooth out daily noise so the direction of travel is visible.
How it is read. Price above a rising 200-day average is the most widely used definition of a long-term uptrend; below a falling one, a downtrend. The averages also act as reference levels: pullbacks in uptrends have frequently paused near the 20-day or 50-day. A golden cross is the 50-day crossing above the 200-day; a death cross is the reverse. Both are lagging signals by construction. In the chart above, the November 16, 2025 death cross came six weeks after the all-time high, and the May 22, 2025 golden cross came six weeks after the April low. The distance between price and an average, expressed as a percentage, measures “stretch”: on August 24, 2026 price was 17% above its 20-day average, a gap that has been rare in this dataset.
Common misreadings. Treating a cross as a forecast (it confirms what already happened), and forgetting that in a sideways market the averages flatten and crosses come in clusters that mean little, as they did in April and May 2025.
ADX: is there a trend at all?
What it is. The Average Directional Index (ADX) measures trend strength on a 0–100 scale without regard to direction. It is built from two companion lines: +DI, which rises when days make higher highs, and −DI, which rises when days make lower lows. Direction comes from which DI line is on top; strength comes from ADX.
How it is read. Below 20 is generally read as no trend (a range), 20–25 as a developing trend, above 25 as a trending market, and above 40 as a strong trend. A rising ADX means the trend, whichever direction, is strengthening; a falling ADX means it is losing energy, which can happen while price still drifts in the same direction. ADX matters mostly as a filter for other indicators: an overbought RSI means something different when ADX is 15 than when it is 35 (see the combinations section).
Key levels: all-time high, 52-week range, round numbers
Levels are prices where a lot of trading happened before, so many holders’ decisions cluster there: previous highs and lows, the all-time high ($126,296 on October 6, 2025 in this feed), the 52-week high and low, round numbers like $80,000, and the moving averages themselves. Analysts also cite the 50-week EMA and on-chain cost-basis levels (see MVRV below). A level is not a wall; it is a place where more orders than usual sit, which is why price often slows, stalls, or accelerates through it. The daily brief lists the levels analysts are citing, always with the name of who cited them.
2. Momentum
RSI: the speed of the move
What it is. The Relative Strength Index compares the average size of up-days to the average size of down-days over the last 14 days and maps the result onto a 0–100 scale. RSI = 100 − 100 ÷ (1 + average gain ÷ average loss). If every one of the last 14 days closed higher, RSI would be 100; if every day closed lower, 0. A reading of 50 means gains and losses have balanced.
How it is read. Above 70 is called overbought, below 30 oversold; some traders use 80/20 for Bitcoin because it moves faster than stocks. These words describe speed, not value. In a strong trend, RSI can sit above 70 for weeks: in this dataset it stayed above 70 for 18 consecutive days in November 2024 and 25 days in late 2023, while price kept rising. In a sideways market, readings above 75 have more often been followed by a pause or pullback. Oversold readings below 20 are rare and have coincided with capitulation days (February 5, 2026, RSI 16; June 6, 2026, RSI 15), though the February reading was followed by two months of range trading and then new lows in June.
Common misreadings. “RSI is 82, so it has to come down” ignores trend context; “RSI is 25, so this is the bottom” ignores that capitulations can repeat. RSI is most useful for divergences (below) and as one input among several.
MACD: is momentum accelerating or fading?
What it is. Moving Average Convergence Divergence takes a fast EMA (12 days) minus a slow EMA (26 days); that difference is the MACD line. A 9-day EMA of the MACD line is the signal line. The histogram is MACD minus signal. When the fast average pulls away from the slow one, momentum is building; when it turns back toward it, momentum is fading.
How it is read. Three things: (1) MACD crossing above the signal line is a bullish crossover, below is bearish; (2) MACD above zero means the 12-day average is above the 26-day, an uptrend on that horizon; (3) the histogram’s height shows acceleration. The histogram usually peaks before price does, because momentum slows before direction changes. In the spring 2026 rally, the histogram’s high came on May 6, four days before the highest close on May 10, and it was already shrinking when the decline started. The chart also shows MACD’s weakness: in the flat stretches of late March to early April and late June to early July it flipped four times within about two weeks (“whipsaw,” a series of false signals).
Divergences: when price and momentum disagree
A bearish divergence is price making a higher high while RSI or MACD makes a lower high: the second push up had less force behind it. A bullish divergence is price making a lower low while the oscillator makes a higher low: selling pressure is drying up even as price ticks lower. Divergences are among the more reliable momentum readings because they compare two things rather than reading one number against a fixed line, but they can persist for a long time before price responds, and they say nothing about how far any reversal goes.
3. Volatility
ATR: how big is a normal day?
What it is. The Average True Range is the 14-day average of each day’s “true range,” the largest of: high minus low, high minus the previous close, and low minus the previous close (the last two capture overnight gaps). Expressed as a percentage of price it is comparable across time: an ATR of $2,265 at $79,000 is 2.9%.
How it is read. ATR has no overbought or oversold zone; it is a ruler. A rising ATR means the market has entered a higher-volatility regime in which ordinary days move further in both directions; a falling ATR means the market is quieting. Traders use it to size positions and set stops in proportion to current conditions, which is why a near-doubling of ATR (as happened between August 16 and August 24, 2026) changes how every other reading is interpreted.
Bollinger Bands and the squeeze
What it is. Three lines: a 20-day SMA in the middle, and an upper and lower band two standard deviations above and below it. The bands widen when daily moves are large and narrow when they are small. Two derived readings appear in the daily brief: %B, where price sits within the bands (0 = lower band, 0.5 = middle, 1 = upper band, above 1 = outside), and band width, (upper − lower) ÷ middle, as a percentage.
How it is read. A squeeze (band width at a multi-month low) says the market is unusually quiet; quiet periods have tended to be followed by large moves, in either direction. The squeeze does not tell you the direction: the July 2025 squeeze, the tightest in two years, first broke downward, rallied to a new high two weeks later, and then fell about 12% into the end of August. Once a move starts, price often “walks the band,” closing at or beyond the upper (or lower) band day after day; this continues until a close back inside the band with the width beginning to narrow. A close outside the band is not by itself a reversal signal in a trend.
Realized and implied volatility
Realized volatility is the standard deviation of daily returns over a window (30 days here), annualized by multiplying by the square root of 365; a reading of 43% means daily moves have recently been consistent with a one-standard-deviation annual range of ±43%. Implied volatility is the volatility the options market is pricing for the future; Deribit’s DVOL index is the usual reference. When implied is well above realized, option buyers are paying up for protection or for upside, usually ahead of an event; when realized jumps above implied, the market was surprised. Volatility clusters: high-volatility days are followed by more high-volatility days more often than chance, which is why a regime change like August 2026 tends to last.
4. Volume and flows
Spot volume and OBV
Volume is how much Bitcoin changed hands; comparing today’s volume with its 20-day average shows whether a move drew unusual participation. Moves on above-average volume (1.5× or more) have historically been more durable than moves on thin volume, and weekend moves in particular are often reversed on Monday because so few participants were active. On-Balance Volume (OBV) adds the day’s volume on up-days and subtracts it on down-days, producing a running line; if price rises but OBV does not, the rally has fewer buyers behind it than it appears. One caution specific to Bitcoin: reported volume differs enormously across data sources because exchanges self-report; use one source consistently and read it relative to its own history, not as an absolute number.
Spot ETF net flows
What it is. Since January 2024, US spot Bitcoin ETFs (BlackRock’s IBIT, Fidelity’s FBTC, Grayscale’s GBTC and others) hold actual Bitcoin. When investors buy more shares than they sell, the fund must buy Bitcoin (a net inflow); when they redeem, it sells (a net outflow). Farside Investors and SoSoValue publish the daily figures each evening US time.
How it is read. Flows measure spot demand from the brokerage and advisory channel, the closest thing Bitcoin has to a daily reading of institutional and retail investment demand. Sustained inflows alongside rising prices describe a spot-led rally; rising prices with outflows describe a rally carried by derivatives or by non-US buyers, which has historically been less durable. Two reading rules: look at weekly totals more than single days, and remember that fund assets can rise because prices rose, not because money came in (in the week of August 17, 2026, assets grew $23 billion but only about $2.6 billion was new money, per Decrypt). Cumulative and year-to-date totals give the longer view; 2026 was net negative through August despite the strong month.
Stablecoin supply
Stablecoins (USDT, USDC and others, above $230 billion in total in 2026) are the cash sitting inside the crypto system. Growing supply means new dollars have entered and are available to buy; shrinking supply means dollars are leaving. It is a slow-moving indicator, more useful over months than days, and it is also why “Bitcoin dominance” figures need care: stablecoins count as part of the total crypto market cap, so a 59% dominance reading understates Bitcoin’s share of the non-cash market.
5. Derivatives and leverage
Bitcoin’s futures markets trade several times the volume of the spot market, and much of the day-to-day price action comes from leveraged positions being opened and, more dramatically, closed. Three readings cover most of it.
Funding rate
What it is. Perpetual futures (“perps”) are futures contracts that never expire. To keep their price tied to the spot price, exchanges make one side pay the other a small fee, usually every 8 hours. When the perp trades above spot, longs pay shorts (positive funding); when below, shorts pay longs (negative funding). The default rate on most exchanges is +0.01% per 8 hours, about 11% a year.
How it is read. Funding is a direct measure of which way leveraged traders are leaning and how much they are paying for it. Near the 0.01% baseline, positioning is balanced. Well above it (0.05% to 0.1% per 8 hours, 55% to 110% annualized) means longs are crowded and paying heavily; readings like that appeared near the early 2021 and late 2021 peaks and have often preceded sharp “long liquidation” flushes. Negative funding means shorts are paying, a crowded-short condition that has often preceded short squeezes. The August 2026 rally is a useful example of the opposite: funding stayed near baseline while price rose 22% in a week, which said the buying was not coming from leveraged longs.
Open interest
What it is. The total value of all futures and perpetual contracts currently open, across exchanges (CoinGlass aggregates it). It rises when new positions are opened and falls when positions are closed or liquidated. Open interest says nothing on its own; it is read together with the direction of price and the funding rate.
Liquidations
A liquidation is a leveraged position being force-closed by the exchange because the trader’s collateral ran out. Long liquidations are forced selling; short liquidations are forced buying. Large liquidation totals mark the moments when a move fed on itself: the roughly $2.75 billion of Bitcoin shorts closed between August 19 and 21, 2026 (about $1 billion in a single hour on August 19) is why that rally moved so far so fast. The split matters more than the total. A rally built on short liquidations has consumed the fuel that powered it; whether it continues depends on whether spot demand (ETF flows, exchange outflows) takes over. Liquidation “heatmaps” on CoinGlass show where clusters of stop-losses sit above and below the current price, which is why analysts cite specific levels like “$76,700 bid liquidity.”
Basis and options (optional readings)
The basis is the premium of dated futures over spot, annualized; 5–10% is typical, 20%+ signals strong leveraged demand, and negative basis (backwardation) appears in panics. In options, the put/call ratio compares demand for downside protection with upside bets, and skew shows which side is more expensive. These readings are worth adding once the basics are routine; the daily brief includes them when a source is available.
6. On-chain and network
Hashrate, difficulty, hashprice
Hashrate is the total computing power securing the network, measured in exahashes per second (EH/s); around 920 EH/s in August 2026, approaching one zettahash. Difficulty is the network’s automatic adjustment, every 2,016 blocks (about two weeks), that keeps blocks arriving every ten minutes as hashrate changes; a downward adjustment means miners switched machines off during the previous two weeks. Hashprice is daily mining revenue per unit of computing power (dollars per PH/s per day) and is the cleanest measure of miner economics. None of these predict price on a daily horizon. They matter for two reasons: sustained hashrate declines have coincided with miner stress and miner selling in past bear phases, and a falling hashprice pushes marginal miners to sell inventory. Sources: mempool.space, CoinWarz, Hashrate Index.
Exchange balances and whale activity
Because every Bitcoin transaction is public, analytics firms (Glassnode, CryptoQuant) can estimate how much Bitcoin sits in exchange wallets. Coins moving onto exchanges are being positioned to sell; coins moving off are going into custody, which usually means holding. Falling exchange balances during a rally describe spot accumulation; rising balances describe distribution. “Whale” readings track the largest wallets (commonly 1,000+ BTC) the same way. Both are read as trends over weeks; a single day’s flow is often an exchange moving its own coins between wallets.
MVRV, realized price, SOPR
Realized price is the average price at which every coin last moved on-chain, the market’s aggregate cost basis. MVRV is market value divided by realized value: how far the market is above (or below) what holders collectively paid. Historically, MVRV Z-scores (the same ratio scaled by its variability) above roughly 7 appeared near the 2013, 2017 and 2021 cycle peaks, and readings below zero near the 2015, 2018–19 and 2022 lows; price trading below realized price has marked every major bottom, though it can stay there for months. SOPR (Spent Output Profit Ratio) compares the price at which coins are sold with the price at which they were bought: above 1, holders are realizing profits; below 1, they are selling at a loss; SOPR bouncing off 1 during an uptrend describes holders defending their cost basis. Long-term-holder versus short-term-holder versions of these metrics separate patient capital from recent buyers. These readings update daily on free tiers with a one-day delay.
7. Sentiment and news
Fear & Greed Index
What it is. The alternative.me index combines volatility, momentum and volume, social-media activity, Bitcoin dominance and search trends into one 0–100 number, updated daily. It is a mood gauge: low numbers mean participants are frightened, high numbers mean they are confident.
How it is read. As a contrarian reading at the extremes. Single-digit readings appeared in March 2020 and June 2022, near major lows; readings above 90 appeared in early 2021, near a major high. Between the extremes it mostly follows price and adds little. Its value is in the combination: an “extreme greed” reading alongside an overbought RSI and a large stretch above the 20-day average describes a euphoric extension; “extreme fear” alongside RSI below 25 and price below its 200-day average describes capitulation. Neither cluster times a turn, but both have coincided with turns more often than the middle of the scale has.
News sentiment and analyst views
Automated news-sentiment feeds (the daily brief uses Alpha Vantage’s, which scores each article bullish, neutral, or bearish) give a rough tally of the day’s coverage. The more useful practice is qualitative: read the strongest published bullish view and the strongest bearish view side by side, with names attached, and notice when everyone agrees. Unanimity has historically been a poor sign for the consensus.
8. Macro and policy
Bitcoin’s price has moved with the macro backdrop far more than its early reputation suggested. The readings that matter most, and where to find them:
| Reading | What it measures | Why Bitcoin reacts | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fed policy odds | Probability of a rate cut, hold, or hike at the next FOMC meeting, implied by futures | Lower rates and looser liquidity have historically supported risk assets; hikes the opposite | CME FedWatch |
| Treasury yields (2-year, 10-year, 30-year) | The cost of money over time; the 10-year is the benchmark | Rising real yields compete with a non-yielding asset; sharp yield spikes have coincided with risk-off selling | Treasury.gov, TradingView |
| US dollar index (DXY) | The dollar against major currencies | Bitcoin is priced in dollars; a weaker dollar has tended to coincide with higher Bitcoin and gold | TradingView |
| Gold | The traditional store-of-value asset | When Bitcoin and gold rise together as the dollar falls, the market is treating Bitcoin as a hedge against currency debasement; when Bitcoin falls with the Nasdaq, it is trading as a risk asset. Which regime is in force changes which news matters | CME, TradingView |
| Equities (Nasdaq, S&P 500) | Risk appetite | Bitcoin’s correlation with the Nasdaq has been high in risk-off episodes (2022) and low in Bitcoin-specific episodes (ETF launch, halving) | Any market wrap |
| Liquidity operations | Treasury buybacks, quantitative tightening or easing, bank reserves | Injections of cash into the financial system have coincided with rallies; the August 2026 Treasury buyback expansion is an example | Treasury, Fed statements |
| Regulation and policy | Legislation (the CLARITY Act), SEC rules, ETF approvals, sanctions | Changes who can hold Bitcoin and how; announcements move price on the day, rule-making moves it over years | SEC.gov, Congress.gov |
| Corporate treasuries | Purchases by companies such as Strategy (MSTR) and Strive | A steady buyer when active, a source of supply if they ever sell; their pauses and resumptions are watched | Company filings, Cointelegraph |
| Economic calendar | CPI, PCE, payrolls, GDP, Fed speeches, Jackson Hole | Scheduled events are when volatility is most likely; implied volatility usually rises into them | Newsquawk, Investing.com |
Reading indicators in combination
No single indicator is worth much. Each category answers one question, so the useful skill is stacking the answers: Which way is the tide (trend)? Is the move speeding up or fading (momentum)? Is the market coiled or already moving (volatility)? Who is doing the buying, spot or leverage (flows and positioning)? What is the mood and the backdrop (sentiment and macro)? When four layers agree and one disagrees, the disagreement is the most informative thing on the page. The table below lists the combinations that appear most often in the daily brief and what each has historically described.
| Combination | What it describes | What has historically followed (with exceptions) |
|---|---|---|
| Price above 200-day + 50-day above 200-day + ADX above 25 and rising | An established, strengthening uptrend | Pullbacks have tended to stop near the 20-day or 50-day average; the trend has persisted until ADX rolls over |
| Price above 200-day but 50-day still below 200-day | An early, unconfirmed turn (August 2026) | Resolves weeks later into either a new uptrend (golden cross follows) or a bear-market rally (price falls back below the 200-day) |
| RSI above 70 + ADX above 25 and rising | Overbought inside a strong trend | Overbought readings have persisted for weeks (November 2024: 18 days); the first RSI dip below 70 has often been a pause, not a top |
| RSI above 70 + ADX below 20 | Overbought inside a range | Reversion toward the range midpoint has been the more common outcome |
| RSI above 75 + price more than 15% above its 20-day + Fear & Greed above 75 | Euphoric extension | Consolidation or a pullback toward the 20-day within weeks in many cases: after November 22, 2024 (RSI 82, 17% above the 20-day) price ranged between $92,000 and $106,200 on daily closes for two months |
| RSI below 25 + Fear & Greed below 20 + price below 200-day | Capitulation cluster | A bounce has usually followed within days, but the final low has sometimes come months later (February 2026 cluster, new lows in June 2026) |
| Bollinger squeeze + close outside the band + volume 1.5× average | Expansion beginning | The breakout direction has persisted for several weeks more often than not; low-volume breakouts have failed more often (July 2025) |
| Price up + open interest up + funding rising well above baseline | Leveraged long build-up | Sharp liquidation cascades on the first pullback; the larger the funding premium, the larger the flush |
| Price up + open interest down (or flat) + heavy short liquidations | Short squeeze | Fast moves that stall once shorts are cleared unless spot demand takes over (August 2026 is a live test) |
| Price down + open interest up + negative funding | Shorts building into weakness | Conditions for a short squeeze if price turns; continued decline if spot selling persists |
| Price up + ETF inflows + exchange balances falling | Spot-led demand | The more durable kind of rally in the ETF era (early 2024) |
| Price up + ETF outflows + funding rising | Derivatives-led rally | More often reversed than spot-led rallies |
| Price higher high + RSI or MACD lower high | Bearish divergence: fading momentum | Tops have often formed after a divergence, sometimes weeks later |
| Price lower low + RSI higher low | Bullish divergence: fading selling pressure | Bottoms have often formed after a divergence, with the same delay |
| Bitcoin up + gold up + dollar down | Debasement-hedge regime | Fiscal and monetary news drives price; equity moves matter less |
| Bitcoin down with the Nasdaq + yields rising | Risk-asset regime | Rate and growth news drives price; crypto-specific news matters less |
| Hashrate falling + hashprice below miner breakeven | Miner stress | Miner selling has added supply near bear-market lows; difficulty drops follow |
A worked example: August 24, 2026
The daily brief for August 24, 2026 shows the method on live data. Trend layer: price 14% above the 200-day, ADX 31 and rising, MACD above zero with a widening histogram, but the 50-day still below the 200-day. Momentum and stretch: RSI 82 for a sixth day above 70, price 17% above its 20-day, six closes at or above the upper Bollinger Band. Volatility: ATR nearly doubled in eight days, band width up from 4% to 34%. Flows and positioning: $1.92 billion of weekly ETF inflows, above-average volume, funding near baseline, $2.75 billion of shorts liquidated. Sentiment and macro: Fear & Greed 73, a Treasury buyback expansion, a softer dollar, gold at a record, and a Fed meeting where a hike is still priced at 38%. Stacked, the layers describe a strong, spot-and-squeeze-driven trend that is unusually extended, with the 50/200 cross and a heavy event calendar as the unresolved items. The closest parallel in the dataset (November 22, 2024) resolved by two months of sideways trading. That is what the indicators describe; what happens next is not in them.
Six common mistakes
1. Reading one indicator alone. RSI 82 means something different with ADX at 31 than with ADX at 15. Stack the layers.
2. Mixing time frames. A daily RSI of 82 and a weekly RSI of 55 can both be true. Every reading in the daily brief is a daily reading unless stated (the 50-week EMA is the exception, and is labeled).
3. Treating lagging indicators as forecasts. Moving-average crosses, ADX and MACD confirm what has happened. Their value is in describing the regime, not predicting the next day.
4. Ignoring the data source. Different exchanges, different daily cutoffs, and different volume reporting produce different numbers. Compare an indicator only with its own history from the same source.
5. Confusing “historically” with “always.” Every pattern in the combinations table has failed before. The base rates are tendencies, and Bitcoin’s history is short: only four halving cycles, and only two since institutions arrived.
6. Mistaking a description for a decision. Nothing on this page says what to do. Position size, time horizon, tax situation and risk tolerance are the reader’s, and the same reading can reasonably lead two people to opposite actions.
Glossary
| Term | Plain meaning |
|---|---|
| Basis | The premium of a futures price over the spot price, usually annualized |
| Capitulation | A wave of selling in which holders give up, often on very high volume, marking an emotional low |
| Death cross / golden cross | The 50-day average crossing below / above the 200-day average |
| Dominance | Bitcoin’s share of total cryptocurrency market value |
| Funding rate | The periodic payment between long and short holders of perpetual futures that keeps their price near spot |
| Halving | The programmed 50% cut in new Bitcoin issued per block, roughly every four years; most recently April 2024 |
| Hashprice | Daily mining revenue per unit of computing power |
| Liquidation | An exchange force-closing a leveraged position whose collateral has run out |
| Open interest | The total value of futures contracts currently open |
| Overbought / oversold | RSI above 70 / below 30: prices rose or fell unusually fast; a description of speed, not value |
| Perpetual futures | Futures contracts with no expiry date, the most traded Bitcoin instrument |
| Realized price | The average price at which all coins last moved on-chain, the market’s aggregate cost basis |
| Short squeeze | A rally accelerated by traders who bet on falling prices being forced to buy back |
| Squeeze (Bollinger) | Unusually narrow bands after a quiet period, often preceding a large move in either direction |
| Whale | A very large holder, commonly defined as a wallet with 1,000 BTC or more |
Sources and further reading
Price charts and indicator values in this guide are computed by the author from Alpha Vantage BTC/USD daily data (00:00 UTC candles). Indicator definitions follow the standard formulations: Wilder (RSI, ATR, ADX), Appel (MACD), Bollinger (Bollinger Bands). Data sources referenced: alternative.me (Fear & Greed), Farside Investors and SoSoValue (ETF flows), CoinGlass (funding, open interest, liquidations), Deribit (DVOL), Glassnode and CryptoQuant (on-chain), mempool.space and CoinWarz (network), CME FedWatch (Fed odds). August 2026 figures cited as examples are from the August 24, 2026 daily brief and its sources.
Disclaimer. This guide is published for general informational and educational purposes only. It is not investment, financial, trading, tax, or legal advice, and nothing in it should be read as a recommendation or solicitation to buy, sell, or hold Bitcoin or any other asset. Indicators describe past and present data; they do not predict future prices, and past patterns may not repeat. Figures are drawn from third-party sources believed to be reliable but not guaranteed. The author holds no responsibility for any loss or decision arising from the use of this content. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile; anyone considering a trade should do their own research and consult a licensed financial professional.